Han’s Son is Not a Slave

Chapter 1139: Yuanqing Non-Chinese

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After Guo Zhiqi returned to Beijing, Zhou Shixiang originally wanted to cross the river to Yangzhou to inspect the situation of sheltering refugees in the north of the Yangtze River, but he received a notice from Guangdong Governor Liao Ruixiang to resign from Guangdong Governor. [Love ↑ go △ small ↓ say △ network WwW.AiQu]

Zhou Shixiang was very worried, thinking that Liao Ruixiang was ill and could not serve, so he resigned, so he wondered if Liao Ruixiang was brought to Jiangnan to recuperate. He remembered that the hometown of the old man who was imprisoned for “anti-poetry” was Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

Last year, Duke Xiang of Song had a sudden illness, which really worried Zhou Shixiang for a while. Now Liao Ruixiang is sick again, which also makes him anxious.

Zhou Shixiang is a person who is nostalgic. Song Xianggong and Liao Ruixiang are two literati who have been relying on him since he started the army. Now one is the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and the other is the governor of Guangdong. He takes care of the rear area of Guangdong for him. . No matter which of the two had an accident, Zhou Shixiang felt uneasy in his heart.

However, after opening Liao Ruixiang’s memorial, Zhou Shixiang was stunned for a moment, and was immediately surprised. Because Liao Ruixiang resigned as governor of Guangdong, it was not for physical reasons, but because he admitted that he had followed Zhou Shixiang for several years, and was tired of being exposed to a lot of government affairs every day, so he did not want to be an official anymore, but wanted to learn.

What Liao Ruixiang said about learning is to propose that he organizes people to rebuild the “Yuan Shi”.

This is really a university question.

However, Zhou Shixiang was a little confused by the second monk, because the “Yuan Shi” had been compiled as early as the early Ming Dynasty, why did it need to be rebuilt? Isn’t this enough to eat? Moreover, cultivating history is not an easy thing to do, it is a huge project. Compared with revising the history, the government affairs that the governor has to deal with are probably easy and can’t be easier.

Zhou Shixiang was extremely confused, but when he read Liao Ruixiang’s memorial carefully, his brows furrowed deeply.

For a long time, he put down Liao’s memorial, but he was still thinking about the big issue mentioned in the memorial, a big issue that was deliberately forgotten or ignored at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty – Mengyuan is not China, how can it be for it Revised history, regarded as China’s orthodox dynasty.

Liao Ruixiang believes that when Emperor Taizu Hongwu raised his army, he used the slogan of “expelling the Tartars and restoring China”, and regarded Mengyuan as a barbarian. Then the Ming Dynasty, which was built on the basis of “expelling the Tartars”, was to inherit the orthodox status of the Song Dynasty, while the Mongolian Yuan was a foreign regime and could not be regarded as a traditional Chinese dynasty. It must be rebuilt, and the Yuan Dynasty should be regarded as an alien regime such as Liao, Jin, Xixia, etc., rather than a unified traditional Chinese dynasty.

In order to prove his point of view, Liao Ruixiang took the “Red Scarf Army Song”, which is now the military song of the Taiping Army, as an example. The composition and successor of the army, then obviously, the Mongolians in the eyes of the Ming army were Huer, a dynasty founded by Huer, but regarded as orthodox by the Han dynasty that overthrew them, and also made history and sacrificed their emperors, this is not What is the big joke of slipping the world!

Liao Ruixiang believes that this is definitely not the original intention of Emperor Taizu, because Emperor Taizu bluntly stated in his book on the Kingdom of Korea, “Yuan is not my kind, and it has been in China for more than a hundred years. Eighteen years of chaos, when the heroes began to rise, I was a commoner of Huaiyou, and violent soldiers suddenly rose up…. Northward to chase Hu Jun, wipe out Huaxia, and restore our old frontier of China.”

In the book of credentials given to Japan, he said: “God loves life, but hates those who are not benevolent. To me, China has been out of control since Zhao and Song Dynasties, and the northern barbarians have entered and occupied it. , who is not angry?”?

The book of the state of Zhancheng said: “My country has been stolen by the Hu people for hundreds of years, and the barbarians have spread all over the four directions, and I have abolished Yilun in China.”

The national book of Java said: “China is orthodox, and the Hu people have stolen it for more than a hundred years.

The edict of revitalizing the culture and education of the world issued during the Hongwu period even stated: “Since Hu Yuan entered China, barbarians have become tainted, polluted China, schools have been abandoned, and people’s discipline has been destroyed. Since the military turmoil, people have learned to fight, and they have little knowledge of propriety and righteousness.”?

During the Ming army’s large-scale northern expedition, Emperor Taizu said in the “Edict to the Central Plains” that ‘since ancient times, the emperors have ruled the world, and they have all lived in China to control the barbarians, and barbarians lived outside to serve China. also.”

Liao listed many edicts from the Hongwu period to prove to Zhou Shixiang that Emperor Taizu always regarded Mengyuan as a Hu people and barbarians. But why at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty still needed to revise the history of the Yuan Dynasty, to recognize the Yuan Dynasty as the orthodox dynasty of China, to sacrifice to 16 Chinese emperors from Fuxi to Kublai Khan, and to sacrifice to Mongolian generals including Muhuali, Bolhu, Bolshu, Chilaowen, etc.

This question is also strange to Zhou Shixiang. Why did the Ming Dynasty, which uprightly overthrew the Tartars and restored China, would admit the object of their overthrow after the founding of the country, and regarded the Ming and Yuan Dynasties as a normal change of dynasty, not a racial resistance at the beginning.

The result of the two is the same, but the essence is completely different. Compared with the resistance of the Han nationality due to centuries of oppression, the change of the dynasty is different in nature. It seriously downplays the suffering of the Han nationality and beautifies the alien invaders.

Liao Ruixiang’s understanding of this is the fault of the literati and the fault of Confucianism. In his opinion, the civil servants who majored in “Yuan History” were different in their bones from the Ming army generals who rose up to resist. They were close to Meng Yuan. During the Ming Dynasty’s crusade against the Yuan army, a large number of Han people only respected the Yuan Dynasty as orthodox and refused to recognize the legitimacy of the Ming Dynasty.

For example, Zhang Chang, the minister of household in the Yuan Dynasty, accepted an official position in the Ming Dynasty after being placed under house arrest by Emperor Taizu. However, this person was in Cao Ying and was in the Han Dynasty. He had been secretly colluding with the Yuan Dynasty. Zhang Chang unexpectedly wrote eight big characters without hesitation: “I am in the south of the Yangtze River, and my mind is in the north.”

Another example is Wang Baobao, a Mongolian and Yuan general who was called “a strange man” by Zhu Yuanzhang. He also had a Han bureaucrat named Cai Ziying under his account, who was loyal to the Yuan Dynasty. Cai Ziying was captured by the Ming army, but she vowed not to surrender to the Ming Dynasty, nor to kneel to Zhu Yuanzhang, but cried day and night, thinking of the old master of the Yuan Dynasty.

Even the founding civil servants such as Li Shanchang, Liu Ji, Song Lian, etc., also affirmed rather than denied the Mongolian Yuan. The whole court’s civil service group has this attitude, so what can Emperor Taizu do? Only by recognizing the orthodox status of the Yuan Dynasty can the large number of officials who served in the Yuan Dynasty at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty clear their past stains, and the Confucians who are extremely flattering to the Yuan Dynasty can continue to sell their ideas in the Ming Dynasty and continue to live a good life.

Liao Ruixiang believes that Mengyuan was extremely cruel to the Han people, but it was extremely tolerant and tolerant to the Han scholars. This is the reason why so many Han scholars vowed to die for the Yuan Dynasty at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. This is very similar to the beginning of the Manchu and Qing dynasties when they entered the customs. It was precisely because the Qing army fully accepted the officials of the Ming Dynasty and recognized the status of the gentry of the Ming Dynasty at the beginning of the entry, and it quickly occupied more than half of China. Even the conquest of the Ming army in the south five years after Shunzhi was completely presided over by these surrendered Han gentry.

Therefore, Liao Ruixiang deeply realized that after Jiashen, why the world quickly fell to the hands of Manchu aliens, it was entirely because of an incorrect understanding of Mengyuan in the early Ming Dynasty.

If the early Ming Dynasty firmly liquidated Mengyuan, there would never be the situation today. Recognizing the Yuan Dynasty means acknowledging the legal occupation of China by aliens, acknowledging that the Han bureaucrats who served the Mongolian Yuan were not traitors, and at the same time acknowledging that the fall of Ming and Yuan was a normal change of dynasty. Then, Han scholars who have been influenced by Confucianism can accept another alien invasion again with peace of mind, so as to gain psychological stability and be a traitor with confidence.

The state can perish, but the religion cannot perish. This is the foundation and theories on which Confucianism has established itself for two thousand years.

Liao Ruixiang said a lot in the remarks, and Zhou Shixiang saw his criticism of Confucianism. Although Liao did not fully put forward the concept of nationalism, it is clear that he has touched the threshold, but there is still a big gap from the inside. After all, Liao is still a traditional literati of this era, not a later generation who accepted the view of the nation-state like Zhou Shixiang.

But it is extremely rare for Liao Ruixiang to see this as a traditional literati of this era. In the Ming Dynasty, no one dared to question the orthodoxy of “Yuan Shi”, and dared to deny the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty. In this respect, Liao is the first.

Times shape a person, but also shape a person’s thinking. Zhou Shixiang believed that Liao Ruixiang dared to put forward the theory that Mongolia and Yuan were not China, and demanded that the “Yuan Shi” be rebuilt.

Why is there today’s situation, and why are those gentry rushing to shave their heads? The reason is not because the Ming Dynasty recognized the Yuan Dynasty, so the Qing Dynasty can also be an orthodox Dynasty.

However, Liao’s view has a lot of time limitations. For example, he blames the early Ming Dynasty’s revision of the history of the Yuan Dynasty and the recognition of the Yuan Dynasty as China’s orthodox dynasty entirely on those civil servants who were close to the Mongolian and Yuan Dynasty, or benefited from the Mongolian and Yuan Dynasty, rather than the Taizu Emperor.

If Zhu Yuanzhang did not agree, Zhou Shixiang would not think that Song Lian and other officials who majored in “Yuan History” dared to admit the Yuan Dynasty, based on the founding king and his vigorous and resolute methods. In the final analysis, this matter is still a manifestation of power and tactics, or a part of Confucianism. kind of manifestation.

This kind of Confucian thought is a typical ostrich thought. There is no way to resist, so it bury its head and pretend that it has not heard or seen anything. As long as this outsider recognizes Confucianism and continues to respect Confucianism, then thousands of Confucian scholars will regard it as their own.

When the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, this idea had its place again.

Perhaps, Zhu Yuanzhang himself did not realize the legacy of the official history of the Yuan Dynasty and the sacrifice of Kublai Khan and other Mongolians. He may simply want to use this method to win over the gentry in the north, or he may really think that he conforms to the destiny and also Maybe he was really bewitched by the thousands of scholars. This is the flaw of the times. In an era when Confucianism was “prosperous”, even the founding emperor could not break free from the influence of Confucianism, but had to win over and reuse Confucianism.

Zhu Yuanzhang, no matter how powerful and powerful, was also a feudal ruler.

The edicts he gave to various countries and the edicts to his subjects all said that Mengyuan was a barbarian, an alien, and it was probably due to nature, and he said it directly according to his own thoughts. However, the official recognition of Meng Yuan and the revision of the “Yuan Shi”, in Zhou Shixiang’s view, it is more that this grass-roots emperor did not take history as a thing. “The History of the Yuan Dynasty” was completed in 331 days, and I am afraid it is also a reflection of the true thoughts of the founding emperor. However, he didn’t take it seriously, Confucianism took it seriously, and the gentry and landlords who were forced to serve others took it seriously.

Reconstructing the history of the Yuan Dynasty is the best way for Liao Ruixiang to clear his mind. He simply connected the situation in China today with the History of the Yuan Dynasty. Zhou Shixiang summed up his point of view. China.

Mengyuan is definitely not China, there is no doubt about that. The Yuan Dynasty was founded by Mongolia, a barbaric nation. From the very beginning, the Yuan Dynasty never regarded the Han people as their subjects, but regarded the Han people as people who lost their country. They wantonly slaughtered, plundered, and committed all kinds of evil, and completely regarded themselves as conquerors of the Han people. This kind of regime, that is, those Confucian scholars who can brazenly call it China, in exchange for those oppressed ordinary people, it is pure and damned.

The Manchu Dynasty and the Mongolian Yuan were not similar, but exactly the same. They both oppressed and enslaved the Han people and attracted Han scholars. The scholars are the natural elite of the Han nationality. They have all the resources and the right to speak. If these people go to history, the consequence is naturally to praise the alien race. Otherwise, why would they live in peace?

Of course, for the common people, it is hard. A small number of people have the privilege to slaughter the majority of the people, and have the privilege to enslave the majority of the people, but their own scholars call it a unified dynasty. What do the people think and do?

At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, thousands of Han people gathered on the edge of the Yellow River, and made the strongest sound of China’s sinking for a hundred years. Now, tens of thousands of Han people gathered under Zhou Shixiang’s command, the same voice of revenge.

No matter the former or the latter, they are not scholars, but the people they regard as ants.

Even if Zhou Shixiang was an emperor, he would never be an emperor in the feudal era, so he was different from Zhu Yuanzhang, he decided to rebuild the “Yuan Shi” and completely denied the Mongolian Yuan. Not only will the “Yuan Shi” be rebuilt, but Kublai Khan will be moved out of the temple of the emperor, and the Mongolian group of Muhuali will also be moved out of the temple where the famous officials of the past dynasties are worshipped. In addition, he decided to denounce Confucianism and Manchuria by publicizing the Mongolian Yuan non-Chinese theory and the Manchu Qing non-Chinese theory with great fanfare.

Only by letting the world know that Mengyuan and Manqing are not China, then the next question will be simple and clear. Those Han gentry who continued to serve for the Qing Dynasty either returned to China or died in the name of traitors.

As for the so-called denial of Yuanqing in the previous life, it is equivalent to separating Mongolia, Northeast China, Xinjiang, Tibet and other places. In Zhou Shixiang’s view, it is a complete joke. These places have never belonged to any nation in history, let alone the private property of any regime. Although Yuan and Qing ruled over these places, Han, Tang and Ming in China also ruled over these places. Why do you think that Yuanqing is not Chinese~www.readwn.com~ is to admit that these places are not Chinese?

Whether it is Mongolian Yuan or Manchu Qing, it is the history of the subjugation of the Han people. History has already happened, and the facts cannot be changed, so we should bravely admit it, instead of daring to face it, not ashamed of it, but proud of it.

It is not terrible to fail, and it is not terrible to be conquered. What is terrible is that our civilization is interrupted and our inheritance is interrupted. What is terrifying is that in the face of the conqueror’s butcher’s knife, our scholars praised it loudly.

We have to take back what we lost.

Zhou Shixiang couldn’t bear his emotions for a while, so he wrote back to Liao Ruixiang and asked him to go to Beijing today to preside over the reconstruction of “Yuan Shi”. Later, in the name of the Grand Governor, he ordered Yangzhou, Jiangyin, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Ganzhou, Nanchang, Taicang and other places that had been slaughtered by the Qing army to investigate the names of the victims who died in the Qing army massacre, unified them into a book, and erected monuments and museums. commemorate.

In the southern capital, the pro-military also received an order to “organize” officials from the six small and large Jiuqing Yamen to go to various places to observe the atrocities of the Qing army. Books and pamphlets that recorded the atrocities of the Qing army, such as “Ten Diaries of Yangzhou”, were also collected from the private sector in large quantities, and were printed and published by the government. They became must-read books for students at all levels.

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