I Just Want to Be a Quiet Top Student

Chapter 90 Optics and Quantum Theory

Shen Qi’s heart sings, and his hand moves his pen like a god:

takes oxy as the coordinates and divides the air into many thin layers parallel to the ground.

The refractive index of the thin layer where the object point P is located is n1.

The angle between the light and the ground normal is θ1.

The following layers are n2, θ2, n3, θ3…

According to the law of refraction and the geometric relationship, there are:

（Dy/dx）^2=1/sin^2θ-1

After the square is drawn, dy/dx takes a negative value

Therefore: dx=-2n1/kαnp*sinθ1*dφ/(φ^2-1)^1/2

One point must be accumulated here, and the final integral constant C is expressed as:

C=2n1sinθ1/kαnp*(ke^α/2*H)

This is the light trajectory equation that produces the mirage.

Through the explanation of physics and a small amount of mathematical processing, we can clearly find that the characteristic of the mirage is “I change it and it changes, and eventually it disappears.”

If one day you are on the beach or in the desert, and you are very lucky to encounter a mirage, don’t move, just leave it alone and appreciate it, and confess to the girl around you at this romantic moment, she will definitely accept your love.

From the light propagation trajectory equation C=2n1sinθ1/kαnp*(ke^α/2*H), it can be seen that if you do not hold and move at such a romantic courtship moment, then the dreamlike mirage will appear and disappear from time to time not see. Then the girl ran away too, nothing was left, and the dream was shattered, what a pity.

The wonderful thing about physics is that it uses simple and easy-to-understand equations to interpret complex and dreamy phenomena.

If physics and mathematics work together, this powerful technique of picking up girls will make you a male god.

Learn more, it will come in handy one day.

When you reach the pinnacle of human knowledge, hehe…Shen Qi smiled, he wrote the answer on the test paper: C=2n1sinθ1/kαnp*(ke^α/2*H)

After completing the first fill-in-the-blank question, Shen Qi got a bit of the passion of last year’s math competition, and he also deeply realized the beauty of each of mathematics and physics, and the two are closely related.

Physics tries to circumvent complex mathematical calculations and use qualitative descriptions and rough quantifications to lay the groundwork, but this is impossible. The more sophisticated the field of physics, the finer the mathematical processing required. Physics is a shell with amazing lethality, and the launch vehicle determines the range, strike accuracy and destructiveness.

Mathematics stays on paper and in the minds of mathematicians most of the time. It is like an infinite cannon, except that there is no cannonball in its chamber. Once filled with cannonballs, bang! Bang bang! Everything is possible. The shell that best matches the math cannon is of course physics.

Shen Qi knows this truth well. Contemporary mathematics gunners must be proficient in the artillery characteristics of various artillery shells in order to shoot good artillery ecstasy in various postures.

The first question in the CPhO semi-final is a fill-in-the-blank question, and the next seven questions are all calculation questions.

The semi-finals are much harder than the preliminary rounds. There are no multiple-choice questions, and the chance of being blinded is greatly reduced.

The second question, calculation question, 16 points.

This is a quantum physics problem, preliminary quantum physics.

In the CPhO competition, high school players only need to know some basic concepts of quantum physics and can use them easily. They don’t need to understand the principles in depth, and they don’t have the ability to understand them in depth. Once this stuff goes deep, you will either win prizes, go crazy, or win prizes in a crazy state.

The title surface gives a bunch of data and constants, electron charge, electron mass, Bohr radius, Rydberg energy, proton static energy…

All in all, this pile of emoji-like data describes a physical phenomenon: a sufficiently hot gas discharge contains various ions, one of which is an atom with a nuclear charge of Z, which is stripped to only one electron.

There is also no schematic diagram. Shen Qi needs to find some useful clues from the large amount of data on the title, and finally find the value of Z and write out what element ion it is.

In the physics problems of mechanics, acoustics, and electromagnetics in physical competition, the schematic diagram often contains a lot of information that can be used, and the reading of the diagram is an important step in the examination of the problem. Quantum physics is different from them. There is no big difference between giving or not giving pictures. Most of the work is done by the answerer’s own brain.

There are many brain-burning branches of physics, among which the TOP5 must have a place in quantum physics.

From the macroscopic optical refraction to the microscopic ion trapping, from the mirage to the electronic ground state, there is no connection.

There are too many things in physics, so Shen Qi switched to quantum mode and started to solve this 16-point calculation problem.

The rematch started with two stumbling blocks, and the second question was not easy.

First of all, Shen Qi needs to find inspiration from Heisenberg.

Heisenberg is not a place name, he is an outstanding physicist in Germany, his contribution to quantum theory is second only to Einstein.

Heisenberg is an individual talent or even a physical genius. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics at the age of 31. Einstein won the Nobel Prize in Physics for many years.

Historically, the evaluation of Heisenberg is controversial. During World War II, he conducted scientific research for the German Nazis and studied the atomic bomb. Of course, it was the Americans who first produced the atomic bomb and used it in actual combat.

Regardless of Heisenberg’s political orientation, his “Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle” has a high status in academia.

Shen Qi first used the “Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle” to make a surprise attack, assuming that the only electron in A^(Z-1)+ is in the ground state.

A little processing in this state can get the average value r0^2 of the square value of the distance from the electron to the nucleus center.

This is an uncomplicated mathematical operation.

High school students participating in the semi-finals of the competition only need to know that r0^2 is defined as the sum of the square of the position coordinate uncertainty (△x)^2, (△y)^2, (△z)^2 www. .com The requirement of an excellent high school player is to be able to simply use the “Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle” without in-depth understanding. In-depth understanding that is the business of college students, let’s talk about it later.

Draws a gourd according to the gourd. In this state, Shen Qi obtains the average value of the squared electron momentum p0^2.

A^(Z-1)+ ion captures an electron and emits a photon. This process must comply with the conservation of energy and momentum.

The two conservation relations both include the angular frequency ω0 of the emitted photon, and they form a system of equations including ω0.

by Heisenberg uncertainty principle:

（△x）（△px）≥1/2?

（△y）（△py）≥1/2?

（△z）（△pz）≥1/2?

The energy conservation equation can be specifically expressed as:

1/2meve^2+1/2(M+me)v^2+E=1/2(M+2me)μ^2+E’+?ω0

Next, a wave of slightly complicated mathematical operations needs to be implemented, which is not difficult for Shen Qi:

O(∩_∩)O o(╥﹏╥)o……

(The above formula is garbled in word, please make up for it, the author is powerless)

Mathematics and physics research to a certain extent, in the eyes of outsiders, is not much different from metaphysics.

Mathematicians and physicists don’t need to use any words to express their thoughts. They throw out a bunch of symbols if they don’t agree with each other, see for yourself, let’s talk after we understand.

After a series of calculations, Shen Qi finally got the value of Z.

Z=4

“This…Z is equal to 4.” Shen Qi thought a little, and counted in his mind, hydrogen, helium, lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, neon…